In Kyiv region, the towns of Ivankiv and Vyshgorod, the villages of Gavrylivka, Rozvazhiv, Olyva have been studied. According to the data of palpatory examination, the incidence of degree 1-2 goiter in different settlements averaged 27.85% for the town of Ivankiv and 40.6% for the village of Gavrylivka. According to the data of ultrasound investigation, a thyroid volume that exceeds the recommended normal range, for different age groups of children from the town of Ivankiv, was reported in 1.6 to 9.53% of study subjects. In the town of Vyshgorod this indicator was noted in 10.94 to 20.49%, in the village of Gavrylivka in 22.73 to 67.24% of the children under study. These data suggest a moderate and significant degree of iodine deficiency. A median of ioduria of mild degree was noted for the town of Ivankiv (63.2 mcg/l) and for the village of Gavrylivka (67.46 mcg/l). A moderate degree of iodine deficiency was revealed in the village of Olyva (46.3 mcg/l) and the village of Rozvazhiv (49.7 mcg/l). In the town of Vyshgorod, for different age groups the median of urinary iodine excretion was within the range 158,6 mcg/l to 223.2 mcg/l. The latter figure points out absence of iodine deficiency, which is due to the use of iodinated table salt.
Examinations in Rivne region were conducted in Dubrovytsi and Rokytne districts. According to the data of palpatory examination, the incidence of degree 1-2 goiter among children was 55.22% for the town of Dubrovytsi, 23.53% for the town of Rokytne, and 25.0% for the village of Tomashgorod. These data are confirmed by the results of ultrasound investigation. The median of urinary iodine excretion for was 67.2 mcg/l for Dubrovytsi, thus corresponding to a mild degree of iodine deficiency, and 47.72 mcg/l for Rokytne, corresponding to a moderate degree of iodine deficiency.
Examinations in Chernihiv region were conducted in three districts: Chernihiv, Ripky, and Kozelets districts (1846 children). The median of urinary iodine excretion for the village Mikhailo-Kotsyubynske was 25.8 mcg/l, which pointed out a high degree of iodine deficiency. In other settlements, the median of urinary iodine excretion was somewhat higher: 51.1 mcg/l in Kozelets, 53.3 mcg/l in Chernihiv, 66.8 mcg/l in Lyubechi, 63.4 mcg/l in Ripky, which suggested a mild or moderate degree of iodine deficiency.
Palpatory examination of children of the City of Kyiv has revealed diffuse goiter of degree 1 in 29.34%, and degree 2 in 1.46% of the children under study. Ultrasound investigation of the thyroid have confirmed a significant prevalence of goiter among study subjects. The median of iodine excretion in the examined children of the City of Kyiv was 62.9 mcg/l, which corresponded to a mild degree of iodine deficiency.
The interviews performed have demonstrated that provision of the population of Northern regions of Ukraine with iodinated table salt is insufficient: from 0.4 to 4.6% of the subjects questioned use iodinated salt on a permanent basis.
In order to prevent thyroid pathology, the water “Iodis” may be used. Iodinated water use throughout the year maintains ioduria indicators within the normal range in 95% of children.
Key words: Children, thyroid gland, iodine deficiency, urinary iodine excretion.
8-09-2015, 22:13